Simon Zhornitsky

The widespread legalization of cannabis in the U.S., Canada, and other countries has led to the creation of novel products such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-based vaporized concentrates, oral formulations, and synthetic analogs. Many of these products are sold through unregulated dispensaries, often containing ultra-potent cannabinoids that have not been extensively researched. These products are significantly more potent than traditional cannabis flower, either by activating cannabinoid receptors more intensely, containing much higher concentrations of cannabinoids, or having pharmacokinetic properties that leave these compounds in the body for longer periods (e.g., edibles).

Despite the widespread use of these novel cannabinoid products, research on their cognitive effects remains scarce. Alarmingly, criminal cannabis vendors are often able to outcompete licensed vendors by offering ultra-potent products at lower prices, as they bypass taxes and fees. These ultra-potent cannabinoids may accelerate brain aging, and my meta-analysis has shown that both synthetic and natural cannabinoid agonists impair cognitive functions, such as verbal learning, memory, working memory, attention, and cognitive control.

Another important area of my research is the intersection of addiction, psychopathology, and suicide. My work at Yale University revealed that childhood abuse and low self-esteem were associated with interpersonal risk factors for suicide in cocaine-dependent individuals, I continued this line of research at the University of Connecticut’s Department of Psychiatry, focusing on the increasing use of synthetic opioids like fentanyl and carfentanyl. These opioids have made it easier for individuals with substance use disorders to unintentionally overdose, which is particularly concerning due to the high rates of comorbid depression in this population. My research on post-mortem data revealed a significant increase in fatal opioid overdoses among youth, with a notable rise in intentional overdoses from 2016 to 2021. More recently, interviews with young adults at methadone clinics revealed that about a third had a history of intentional overdose and suicidal thoughts, with these factors strongly linked to depression and continued opioid use despite being on methadone. Currently, I am teaching about addictions at Southern Connecticut State University (SCSU).